Counterfeit drugs pose a significant threat to global health and the integrity of pharmaceutical supply chains. With rising demands for transparency and traceability, our team took on the challenge of leveraging **blockchain technology** to create an innovative solution for tracking and tracing pharmaceuticals. This project, developed during our Final Year Project (FYP), was both a journey of learning and practical implementation. ## **Why Blockchain?** Blockchain's decentralized and immutable ledger is a game-changer for the pharmaceutical industry. By integrating blockchain technology, we sought to: 1. **Eliminate Counterfeit Drugs**: Blockchain ensures the authenticity of drugs by tracking their journey from manufacturer to consumer. 2. **Enhance Transparency**: A public, distributed ledger enables stakeholders to view real-time updates and track the provenance of pharmaceutical products. 3. **Ensure Integrity**: Immutable records prevent tampering and ensure data accuracy. 4. **Authenticate Products**: Using QR codes linked to the blockchain, consumers can verify the legitimacy of their medicine. --- ## **Our Proof-of-Concept (POC)** To demonstrate the potential of blockchain in the pharmaceutical supply chain, we developed a **Proof-of-Concept (POC)** focusing on core aspects such as authenticity, traceability, and user interaction. The POC not only showcased technical feasibility but also answered critical questions about scalability and implementation. --- ### **Technology Stack** Our implementation utilized cutting-edge technologies and tools to achieve the desired functionality: * **Smart Contracts**: * Created with **Solidity** to implement Access Control and ERC-721 standards. * Used **OpenZeppelin** for secure, standardized smart contract code. * **Production Test Nets**: * Deployed contracts on **Goerli** and **Sepolia**, Ethereum test networks. * **Frontend & Libraries**: * **NextJS (13+)**: Developed a robust, modular frontend using **TypeScript**. * **wagmi**: React hooks for seamless Web3 integrations. * **react-qr-code**: Integrated QR code generation for drug verification. * **MUI 5+**: Styled components for a professional, intuitive UI. * **next-pwa**: Enabled offline functionality. * **Wallet Integration**: * Utilized **Metamask** for secure transactions, authentication, and authorization. * **Database**: * Indexed data with **MongoDB Atlas** for high availability and scalability. * **Local Development**: * Simulated blockchain environments using **Hardhat**. * **Hosting**: * Deployed the solution on **Vercel** for a seamless, production-ready experience. --- ### **Implementation Highlights** 1. **Drug Lifecycle Tracking**: * Each pharmaceutical product was assigned a unique identifier linked to an ERC-721 token. * The journey of the product—from manufacturing to end-user—was immutably recorded on the blockchain. 2. **QR Code Integration**: * QR codes were generated for each drug, allowing consumers to scan and verify authenticity. * The QR code displayed crucial details such as origin, batch number, and current status. 3. **Access Control**: * Implemented using smart contracts to ensure that only authorized stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers, distributors) could modify data. 4. **User-Friendly Interface**: * Developed a sleek, responsive interface for stakeholders to interact with the platform. * Metamask integration enabled seamless user authentication and transactions. --- ### **Results and Key Learnings** * **Improved Traceability**: * The blockchain-based system ensured 100% transparency in the pharmaceutical supply chain. * Real-time data updates reduced the risk of counterfeit drugs entering the market. * **Optimized Efficiency**: * Automated tracking processes reduced manual errors and improved operational efficiency. * **Consumer Empowerment**: * Consumers could verify product authenticity with a simple QR code scan, fostering trust. * **Knowledge Gained**: * Extensive research into blockchain, Web3 development, and supply chain management. * Hands-on experience with Solidity, NextJS, MongoDB, and production-ready tools. --- ### **Visual Insights** ![Architecture Diagram](https://github.com/smyaseen/Blockchain-Integrated-Pharmaceutical-Supply-Chain-Track-Traceability/assets/37702376/cb4d8237-5a1c-462f-a871-8f5c07b0ff7b align="left") ![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1738037738796/6bcbf0ef-7f96-41f9-8888-fb5727dc1727.png align="center") ![](https://private-user-images.githubusercontent.com/37702376/330694426-e7858936-80e0-42e5-9c22-ccdabb174d78.png?jwt=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.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.ZdgGO-5gHcYtuLaFhiGCkvAKETrU7mkn6MJY9aaGtLI align="left") #### **Future Directions** While the POC demonstrated the potential of blockchain in pharmaceutical track and traceability, there is scope for further improvements: 1. **Scalability**: Exploring Layer 2 solutions (e.g., Polygon) to reduce transaction costs and enhance throughput. 2. **Regulatory Compliance**: Ensuring the solution adheres to global pharmaceutical regulations (e.g., FDA, EMA). 3. **Advanced Analytics**: Integrating AI-driven analytics for predictive insights and anomaly detection. 4. **Stakeholder Collaboration**: Expanding partnerships with pharmaceutical companies to pilot the solution in real-world scenarios. --- ### **Conclusion** Our blockchain-integrated track and traceability solution represents a significant step towards eliminating counterfeit drugs and ensuring the safety of pharmaceutical supply chains. By leveraging the power of blockchain, smart contracts, and cutting-edge Web3 tools, we have built a system that fosters trust, transparency, and efficiency. This project was not just about solving a problem—it was about learning, innovating, and contributing to a better future for the pharmaceutical industry. --- Let us know your thoughts or explore our codebase and detailed documentation here: [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/smyaseen/Blockchain-Integrated-Pharmaceutical-Supply-Chain-Track-Traceability).